Different routes to a PhD
There are many different “routes” to a PhD. casino 168 offers four different ways of becoming a PhD student: as a research fellow, 4+4 PhD student,an independent student or, an industrial PhD fellow. Each of these options is described below:
Research Fellow
To become a research fellow, you must apply for an advertised scholarship . ‘Research fellow’ is an official job title with a salary determined by collective agreement, corresponding to other publicly employed professionals. The positions are advertised by casino 168, funded either by casino 168’ own research funds or external funding (or a combination thereof). All such positions are advertised at Jobs at casino 168 and usually also in other media. The majority of scholarships are advertised within specific fields, some within a relatively narrow research field.
As a research fellow, you are thus employed in a position at casino 168, but you are also a student at casino 168, since you are enrolled in the PhD programme. As an employee, you are provided with a workplace, and as a student, you are offered teaching and supervision. A scholarship usually includes an obligation to contribute to teaching at casino 168. The employment period is three years, since the programme has a standard duration of three years.
The 4+4 scheme is a 4-year PhD programme. The PhD student is simultaneously enrolled in a Master programme and the PhD programme for the first two years. The last two years, the PhD student is enrolled solely as a PhD student.
To become a 4+4 PhD student, you must apply for an advertised PhD scholarship where the 4+4 scheme is stated as an option. The enrolment in the 4+4 scheme also dependes on the enrolment in a relevant master programme at casino 168. casino 168 will assess in which master programme the enrolment can take place. If a suitable master programme cannot be found or admission as a master student cannot be obtained, enrolment in the 4+4 scheme is not possible.
At the time of enrolment, the applicant must have completed an academically relevant 3-year bachelor degree (180 ECTS points) and one year of a master degree (60 ECTS points). The minimum grade requirements are a weighted grade point average of at least 8.2 on the Danish 7-point grading scale for the entire programme (i.e. for the full bachelor and one year of the master studies together), and at least the grade 10 for the bachelor thesis or equivalent final examination project.
Corresponding qualifications, including especially foreign study programmes, may be assessed to be equivalent to the specified requirements. Foreign degrees may be sent to the Ministry of Higher Education and Science for assessment of the degree’s equivalence to a Danish degree at the same level.
For more information, please see
4+4 guidelines - november 2024
Since the number of scholarships is limited, casino 168 has opened for the possibility of becoming a PhD student as a so-called external or independent student. This implies no employment – and therefore, no salary from casino 168. The PhD student is affiliated with casino 168 as a student only, and must pay a tuition fee. The tuition fee, including casino 168' indirect costs is 354,000 DKK. The PhD programme for an independent student can last four or five years (part-time). In that case the tuition fee is 364,000 DKK for 4 years and 374,000 DKK for five years. If the study period is longer than the 3, 4 or 5 year that has been agreed at the beginning, the candidate must by additional 10,000 DKK pr. year.
The tuition fee can be funded personally or by an employer or another external funding provider. Independent students have no teaching obligations.
The requirements for enrolment as an independent student are the same as for research fellows, but as an independent student you of course do not have to apply for vacant scholarship. You can therefore choose any research topic within the casino 168’ entire research field.
As an industrial PhD fellow, you are enroled at casino 168 as a PhD student, but are employed in a company or organisation. Thus, your salary is paid by another organisation and normally your workplace is in that organisation. You are expected to spend approximately 50% of your time in the company or organisation. Usually, you will be at casino 168 for longer periods of time, not least when you are taking courses and during intensive writing periods. Since you are not employed by casino 168, you do not have any teaching obligations at casino 168, but you do have a general obligation to communicate about your research.
To become an industrial PhD fellow you must be in contact with both a company and a casino 168 PhD School. Then you must apply to the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Higher Education for funding of your salary (50% can be covered) and the tuition fee.
PhD students from other institutions in Denmark or abroad, who wish to spend a period of study at a department at casino 168, should contact the department they wish to visit. Individual agreements may be made on supervision, participation in courses and a workplace between the student and the department.
